Optimal sleep patterns and physical activity reduce the risk of dementia

The study focused on three factors: physical activity, sleep duration, and sedentary behavior (activities performed in a seated, lying, or reclining position that require low levels of energy expenditure), which refers to prolonged periods of sitting. The findings suggest that regular physical activity is associated with a 25% reduction in the risk of dementia. Additionally, deviations from the recommended sleep duration have been linked to negative cognitive health outcomes. Sleeping for less than seven hours increases the risk of developing the disease by 18%, while excessive sleep of more than eight hours increases this risk by 28% compared to the optimal interval of 7-8 hours.

An important aspect of the study was the analysis of the impact of a sedentary lifestyle, which the researchers consider to be a factor different from simply not exercising. Prolonged sitting for more than eight hours a day correlates with a 27% increase in the likelihood of developing dementia. The authors note that, despite the growing recognition of the harmful effects of prolonged sitting, the number of high-quality studies specifically addressing this association remains limited, highlighting the need for further research in this area.

While the observational nature of the study does not allow for definitive causal conclusions, the findings underscore the importance of adhering to recommendations for physical activity and sleep hygiene in middle and older age. As the pathological changes in the brain leading to dementia develop over decades, modifying daily behaviors can be an effective tool for preserving cognitive function. Understanding how simple daily habits affect the risk of disease throughout life opens up new opportunities for supporting brain health at the level of public policy and personal prevention.