Almost 85% of personal hygiene products contain hazardous substances

As part of the work, the scientists analyzed 113 products from 12 categories — from personal hygiene products to household chemicals. On average, each product contained 51 chemical compounds, which is more than three times the number of ingredients listed on the label (on average — 16). In total, 3,141 chemical signals were recorded in the samples, and 303 compounds were identified with confirmed, probable, or suspected reliability. For the analysis, a non‑target screening method was used — a modern laboratory technology that allows identifying thousands of substances without relying on a predetermined list.

Among the hidden components were compounds capable of disrupting the endocrine system, in particular phthalates and parabens, as well as fragrances, silicone impurities, and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). A number of these substances are associated with the risk of infertility, miscarriages, breast cancer, obesity, diabetes, and allergies; some are classified as potential carcinogens, toxicants for the reproductive system and fetal development, or as substances that provoke skin irritation.

Particularly alarming was the fact that the composition did not match the characteristics stated on the packaging: more than a quarter of the tested products contained components that directly contradicted the marketing promises. Thus, phthalates were found in products marked as “phthalate‑free,” synthetic chemicals in products positioned as “100 % natural,” and known allergens and irritants in goods labeled “hypoallergenic.” At the same time, researchers emphasize that this does not necessarily indicate the intentional addition of substances: impurities may enter the product through raw materials, equipment, during chemical reactions, storage, or packaging, and a change in suppliers can alter the composition without updating the label.

Hidden hazardous components were found in all product categories, regardless of price, the size of the manufacturing company, or advertising claims. Products labeled as “natural,” “non‑toxic,” and “organic” also often contained unaccounted‑for substances associated with health risks. This calls into question the reliability of existing safety assessment systems: most ratings and certification programs rely primarily on the declared composition, which leaves unnoticed impurities, breakdown products, and substances that enter the product during the production and packaging stages.

The authors of the study insist that non‑targeted analysis of finished packaged goods should become a standard part of quality and safety control, alongside current checks (for stability, microbiology, and preservatives). They also point out the inadequacy of the current oversight in the United States. Despite the expansion of the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) powers under the 2022 Cosmetic Regulation Modernization Act, routine testing of finished products for unaccounted‑for impurities is still not required.

“People shouldn’t need their own chemical laboratory to understand what they bring into their homes or apply to their skin,” noted Jenna Hua, the senior author of the study and founder of the Million Marker Research Institute. “The next‑generation safety system should go beyond the label and verify what is actually contained in the product.”