Video games can improve memory and certain cognitive skills

Three types of data were used for the analysis: correlation studies (the relationship between gaming time and cognitive performance), comparisons between gamers and non-gamers, and controlled trials where participants were specifically asked to play and then tested for their abilities. The cognitive skills were divided into five categories: memory, spatial abilities, visual attention, cognitive control, and intelligence.

The correlation studies found a weak but significant relationship between gaming duration and overall cognitive performance, with the strongest association being found for memory. When comparing gamers and non-gamers, the former showed a slight advantage in spatial abilities, visual attention, cognitive control, and intelligence. In controlled trials, which are the most rigorous, the effects were minimal, but they provide the most convincing evidence of a causal relationship. In this group, the only skill that showed a clear improvement was memory.

The authors also examined whether the results were influenced by gender, age, culture, health status, duration of the intervention, or the type of game. However, they did not find any significant effects from these factors.

At the same time, the limitations of the work are emphasized. The research protocols varied significantly, and in some cases, self-assessments were used, and there was too little data for some cognitive domains. An important gap is the lack of long-term observations. It is currently unclear whether cognitive benefits persist months or years after engaging in active gaming.

In the future, large-scale, long-term studies are needed to better understand the direction of causality and the duration of effects. It is also important to identify the specific game mechanics that provide measurable benefits. If the findings are confirmed, video games could become one of the tools for maintaining cognitive activity, including in programs for older people.