DNA affects metabolism and health

Researchers from King’s College London and the Berlin Institute of Health have created the largest genetic map of human metabolism, which opens up new opportunities for research in the field of metabolism and diseases. As a result of this work, a comprehensive genetic portrait has been built that will help us understand exactly how our genetics affect the levels of various metabolites, including lipids and amino acids, which are important for heart health.

This study uses data from the UK Biobank, the largest biobank database, which includes information from half a million participants. This largest study in its field has yielded unique results that allow us to understand how variations in the human genetic code affect the level of more than 250 small molecules in the blood. Molecules such as lipids play a key role in maintaining normal metabolism and health.

The results of the study showed that the genetic control of metabolites is the same for different ethnic groups and genders. Genes that had not previously been associated with metabolic processes were also identified.

The study pays special attention to metabolites that are associated with a predisposition to diseases. It turned out that genetic control over blood metabolites overlaps with predisposition to various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. For example, a new gene, VEGFA, has been discovered that can control the level of a denser form of cholesterol (HDL), which opens up new prospects for the development of drugs that can help prevent heart disease.

Although the study proved the importance of genetics in controlling metabolism, the authors emphasize that modifiable factors such as lifestyle, diet, and physical activity play an equally important role. These factors should be taken into account when planning measures to maintain health and prevent diseases.

Martin Zoodsma, the lead author of the study, noted: “We can now systematically map the genetic control of hundreds of molecules in the blood on an unprecedented scale. It is a powerful tool for understanding disease risks and identifying genes that influence metabolic variability.”

Mike Pizzner, professor of health data modeling at Queen’s University London, added: “The development of lipid-lowering drugs such as statins has saved thousands of lives, but cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death. Our results highlight potential directions that may lead to the development of new drugs that prevent the development of diseases associated with the accumulation of lipids in the arteries.”