How brain energy affects sleep: an important mechanism found

The researchers focused on so-called ATP-dependent potassium channels (KATP), which work as energy sensors inside neurons. These channels regulate the activity of brain cells and play an important role in maintaining a normal sleep rhythm. If they do not function properly, the body loses the ability to switch properly between deep phase, REM sleep and periods of wakefulness.

Experiments have shown that such channels operate according to a distinct circadian rhythm and are involved in metabolic processes that affect falling asleep and waking up. One of the main findings is the link between KATP-channels and the level of lactate, a substance that helps the brain switch between different stages of sleep. Disruptions in this mechanism can lead to anxiety, cognitive failures and concentration problems.

Interestingly, malfunctions in these channels have been observed in patients with Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes and epilepsy – diseases in which sleep is often disrupted. The study opens up the prospect of creating new therapies, as there are already drugs that affect KATP channels. This means that in the future there will be ways to correct sleep using already available drugs.

The discovery emphasizes how important the brain’s ability to sense and process energy is in maintaining healthy sleep. The authors of the work are confident: even small changes in metabolism can significantly affect the quality of night rest and behavior during the day.