Nutrition has different effects on metabolism with age

As you age, your metabolism slows down and your blood sugar levels rise, which increases your risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Scientists recalled that the most important indicator of metabolic health remains insulin resistance, which often increases against the background of poor nutrition and low physical activity.

The study involved 96 elderly people with an average age of 69 years, leading an active lifestyle. They recorded their diet in detail for four days, after which experts assessed their insulin sensitivity and body composition.

The results showed marked differences between the sexes. In men, a high proportion of vegetable protein and whole grains in the diet was associated with more efficient insulin function and less abdominal fat. Plant compounds such as inositol, phytic acid, and vitamin E also had a positive effect. On the contrary, excess animal fats and trans fats reduced insulin sensitivity.

In women, the relationship turned out to be different — better insulin sensitivity was observed in those who drank alcohol moderately, mainly red wine. However, after statistical adjustment, the effect became less pronounced, which may indicate the influence of concomitant factors, such as a higher intake of fruits and antioxidants.

Scientists note that these data are still preliminary, but generally confirm the benefits of a plant-based and balanced diet for maintaining metabolic health in old age.