Psychosomatic diseases of the digestive system, diseases in the literal sense of the word include peptic ulcer and hemorrhagic colitis. Some authors refer to gallstone disease as psychosomatic disorders. I. K. Heinroth also said that all malfunctions of the liver or spleen are the result of human defects. In the gallbladder, in the liver and bile ducts, very often (especially in the elderly and especially in women), stones form from cholesterol, bile pigments and calcareous salts. When stones block the cystic duct or biliary tract, an attack of hepatic colic occurs. Not everyone who has stones feels any inconvenience from this. In most cases, the stones never make themselves felt. Nevertheless, there are a lot of people to whom they bring suffering. Cholelithiasis is one of the most common in the Western world. For unknown reasons, it is much less common in the East, for example, in Japan than in Europe. Negroes rarely have stones, and the inhabitants of Java Island don’t seem to encounter them at all. Already in ancient Greece, they saw a close connection between the liver, bile and the human psyche. When a person is worried, angry, or envious, it immediately affects the functioning of the liver. It’s not for nothing that they say “bilious man” or “it’s in my liver.” In 1928, E. Vitkover decided to check how various experiences affect the liver. Under hypnosis, subjects were inspired with things that caused them joy, sadness, anxiety, or anger. In all cases except the last one, the flow of bile increased. Anger and anger led to a decrease in bile production. It also turned out that when joyful feelings were instilled, the bile took on a more yellow color. It turned out that the composition of bile depends on the suggested ideas. Dieter Beck, a Swiss specialist in psychosomatics who headed the department of psychosomatic medicine at the University Polyclinic of the University of Basel, tried to establish the mental characteristics of people suffering from cholelithiasis, and came to the conclusion that all of them are more or less susceptible to obsessive-compulsive disorder can be divided into three groups. The first category includes those who are haunted by the desire to restore order, restore justice and provide social assistance to those in need. These people become hostages of the ideal they seek to achieve. They often have hypertension, heart disease, impotence, nervous and physical exhaustion of the body. The second group consists mainly of women who have obsessive-compulsive disorder combined with depression. They are modest and self-sacrificing, but at the same time they are partly consciously and partly unconsciously waiting for their dedication to be appreciated. Recognition will be compensation for everything they have done for others. They rarely show discontent, annoyance, or anger. Most often they turn their aggression on themselves. The disease occurs when their willingness to sacrifice turns out to be unnecessary and they are rejected. Patients from this group who suffer from headaches, migraines, functional diseases of the stomach and diseases related to menstruation. In the third group of women, obsessive-compulsive disorder is combined with hysterical symptoms. Patients especially have a need to be loved. The fear of loss and the fear of being alone is the main thing that leads them to illness. Forced marriage, pregnancy without a husband, rivalry with other women often become the causes of their troubles. Many of them are constantly in a state of anxiety. It is impossible to draw a clear line between different types of people. Most people combine different types of traits in their behavior. The important thing is that here we are talking about types of behavior, not characters. The implication is that a person can change their lifestyle. This means that he always has the opportunity to reduce the risk of heart disease, as well as many other diseases. Source: D.E. Zaitsev Neuropsychiatric Center