Modern lifestyle affects the accumulation of estrogen in the body

The biochemical process of estrogen regulation normally involves its conjugation in the liver, where glucuronic acid is attached to the hormone molecule, making it water-soluble and biologically inactive. However, estrobologum bacteria produce beta-glucuronidase enzymes that cleave off this molecular label. As a result, estrogen becomes active again and is reabsorbed through the intestinal walls. A comparative analysis of the microbiome data of 24 different populations on four continents showed that the ability of bacteria to recycle hormones is seven times higher in urban dwellers, and the species diversity of hormone-recycling bacteria is twice as high as in traditional societies (hunter-gatherers and farmers in Asia and Africa).

One of the most likely reasons for these changes is the low-fiber diet that is characteristic of modern society. In the absence of dietary fiber, intestinal bacteria are forced to switch to alternative sources of energy. Some species begin to degrade the intestinal mucosa, while others activate enzymes to break down glucuronic acid bound to deactivated hormones. Notably, a similar pattern is observed at an early age: infants who are formula-fed have significantly higher microbial capacity for estrogen recycling than those who receive breast milk.

This discovery adds to the evidence base on the fundamental role of the microbiome in maintaining endocrine health. The researchers emphasize that industrialization and early feeding practices have a long-term impact on a person’s metabolic profile. The identification of specific genetic sequences responsible for the production of beta-glucuronidases suggests that estrobolom could be a potential target for personalized medicine and nutrition aimed at preventing hormone-related diseases in today’s environment.