Ultrasonic patch helps to improve the REM phase of sleep

The device is attached to the skin and works on the principle of a closed loop: ultrasonic waves affect the subthalamic nucleus (STN), an area involved in the regulation of REM sleep (rapid eye movement sleep), and the built-in electrodes read electrophysiological signals. This allows you to adjust the stimulation parameters directly during sleep and purposefully maintain the desired phase.

The pilot study involved 28 people, including both healthy volunteers and individuals with mild sleep disorders. The patch allowed participants to enter the REM phase 43 minutes earlier and spend an average of 16 minutes longer in it. At the same time, the architecture of other sleep stages (NREM) did not change significantly. The participants noted that the device was comfortable to use, and there were practically no undesirable effects.

In addition to affecting sleep patterns, healthy volunteers showed an improvement in heart rate variability, an indicator that reflects the body’s ability to respond adequately to stress. Functional MRI data demonstrated changes in neural networks related to emotional regulation. According to the researchers, this may indicate the potential benefits of the technology for stress resilience and emotional well-being, as REM sleep plays an important role in emotional rejuvenation and adaptation to stress.

Since REM sleep disorders are associated with a range of mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the new technology may provide a promising non-pharmacological option. Existing approaches, including medication and behavioral therapies, may not always target this specific phase of sleep.

The project authors are now planning larger-scale clinical trials to confirm the effectiveness and safety of NEUSLeeP. Among the potential areas, for example, the application of the device for PTSD, depression and chronic insomnia, as well as the development of home solutions for sleep monitoring and personalized therapeutic schemes.